Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Application of a small molecule calcium influx inducer as a vaccine adjuvant: enhancing Th2-biased immune responses

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1704416

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunomodulatory effects of 2G272 on dendritic cells and T cell proliferation. (A, B) BMDCs from BALB/c mice were treated with vehicle (0.5% DMSO), 10 µM 2G272 , 10 µM 2E281 , or 1 µM MPLA overnight. Following a 4-hour incubation with OVA protein, CFSE-labeled CD4 + T cells from DO11.10 mice were added to mBMDCs and incubated for 5 days. (A) Dot plots of CD4 + T cell division by CSFE generational dilution. (B) Percentage of divided CD4 + T cells. ****p < 0.0001, by ordinary one-way ANOVA with Dunnett’s post-hoc test. Representative data from two independent experiments with similar results are shown.

Article Snippet: Six to eight-week-old female BALB/c mice (RRID: IMSR_JAX:000651) and major histocompatibility (MHC) class II restricted ovalbumin T cell receptor transgenic mice DO11.10 strain (RRID: IMSR_JAX:003303) ( ) were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory.

Techniques: Incubation, Labeling

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Application of a small molecule calcium influx inducer as a vaccine adjuvant: enhancing Th2-biased immune responses

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1704416

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cytokine, chemokine and inflammatory responses in mice administered with 2G272 . BALB/c mice (n=5/group) were i.m. injected with 2G272 (200 nmol/animal) or vehicle (0.5% DMSO). MF59 (25 µL/animal) was used as a positive control. Sera samples were collected 8, or 48, hours after injection. The levels of (A) IL-6 (8 hours), (B) CXCL1 (8 hours), (C) CCL2 (8 hours), and (D) alpha 1 acid glycoprotein (48 hours) were measured in serum samples using ELISA and Luminex bead assays. Serum concentrations of IL-12, TNF, CCL5 and CXCL10 were below detectable levels. Statistical significance was determined by Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s post-hoc test compared to the MF59 control: ***p < 0.001, **p < 0.01, and *p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Six to eight-week-old female BALB/c mice (RRID: IMSR_JAX:000651) and major histocompatibility (MHC) class II restricted ovalbumin T cell receptor transgenic mice DO11.10 strain (RRID: IMSR_JAX:003303) ( ) were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory.

Techniques: Injection, Positive Control, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Luminex, Control

Journal: Frontiers in Immunology

Article Title: Application of a small molecule calcium influx inducer as a vaccine adjuvant: enhancing Th2-biased immune responses

doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2026.1704416

Figure Lengend Snippet: 2G272 elicits Th2 biased immune responses in a murine model. (A, B) OVA-specific IgG1 and IgG2a antibody responses. Female BALB/c mice (n=4-9) were immunized with OVA (5 µg/animal) adjuvanted with 2G272 (200 nmol/animal), 2E281 (200 nmol/animal), MPLA (1 µg/animal), or ION (200 nmol/animal) on days 0 and 21. Serum samples were collected on day 28 and OVA-specific IgG1 and IgG2a levels were determined by ELISA. (C, D) On day 42, splenocytes were cultured with OVA for 5 days, and IL-5 (C) and IFN-γ (D) in the supernatant were measured by ELISA. Data are presented as individual values and as means ± SEM. Data shown are pooled from two experiments. Statistical significance was determined by Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn’s post-hoc test compared to the vehicle control: **p < 0.01, *p < 0.05.

Article Snippet: Six to eight-week-old female BALB/c mice (RRID: IMSR_JAX:000651) and major histocompatibility (MHC) class II restricted ovalbumin T cell receptor transgenic mice DO11.10 strain (RRID: IMSR_JAX:003303) ( ) were purchased from the Jackson Laboratory.

Techniques: Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Cell Culture, Control

Journal: Advanced functional materials

Article Title: Synthetic Strategy for mRNA Encapsulation and Gene Delivery with Nanoscale Metal-Organic Frameworks

doi: 10.1002/adfm.202504465

Figure Lengend Snippet: Firefly luciferase-expressing mRNA was encapsulated using our encapsulation for mRPZ and delivered to Balb/C mice intravenously. Luciferase expression was measured by luminescence resulting from intraperitoneal luciferin injection A). The luciferase expression kinetics were measured over 96 h (presented as mean ± StdEM) B) and the integrated luciferase activity, which represents total luciferase expression was calculated (presented as the median) C). Live images of the luciferase activity were taken at 18 h, in the maximum mRPZ expression time window D). Sample sizes are implied by points, and statistical significance (P) was assessed using one-way ANOVA.

Article Snippet: Six- to 8-week-old Balb/c Mice (Male/Female) (000651) were purchased from Charles River and allowed to acclimate to vivarium conditions for at least 3 days before experiments were performed.

Techniques: Luciferase, Expressing, Encapsulation, Injection, Activity Assay

Journal: Advanced functional materials

Article Title: Synthetic Strategy for mRNA Encapsulation and Gene Delivery with Nanoscale Metal-Organic Frameworks

doi: 10.1002/adfm.202504465

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cy5 tagged mRNA expressing luciferase was delivered to Balb/C mice, and after 6 h the mice organs were collected and imaged A). The biodistribution of the mRNA, and hence particles, was quantified B) and representative images are shown C). The bioavailability of the luciferase mRNA was quantified after 12 h D), and representative images are shown E). Data are presented as the median, sample size is N = 6 for all samples, and statistical significance (P) was assessed with two-way ANOVA.

Article Snippet: Six- to 8-week-old Balb/c Mice (Male/Female) (000651) were purchased from Charles River and allowed to acclimate to vivarium conditions for at least 3 days before experiments were performed.

Techniques: Expressing, Luciferase

Journal: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology

Article Title: Plasticity of Renal Erythropoietin-Producing Cells Governs Fibrosis

doi: 10.1681/asn.2013010030

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 4. Essential contribution of NFkB signaling for the dysfunction of REPs. (A) Pharmacologic activations of NFkB and Smad signals in ISAM. Real-time PCR analyses are performed using ISAM kidneys 6 hours after single intraperitoneal injection of LPS, TGFb1, or PBS. For antagonizing NFkB signaling, dexamethasone is administered simultaneously with LPS (LPS+Dex). *P,0.05 and **P,0.01 versus PBS-injected group; #P,0.05 versus LPS-injected group (n.3 per group). (B) Schematic presentation of the strategy to selectively

Article Snippet: LPS, hTGFb1, and Dexamethasone Treatment Mice were intraperitoneally injected with 0.1 and 1 mg/g body weight LPS (less than one tenth of the dose for proteinuria induction, and J Am Soc Nephrol 24: 1599–1616, 2013 REP Plasticity and Fibrosis 1611 1612 Journal of the American Society of Nephrology J Am Soc Nephrol 24: 1599–1616, 2013 one fiftieth of the dose for the sepsis model; Sigma) and with 10, 20, and 40 ng/g body weight of human TGFb1 (R&D Systems).

Techniques: Real-time Polymerase Chain Reaction, Injection